Whenever I change my old vehicles (Jeeps etc) to 12v I replace the generators with alternators. Nothing works until you put some resistance in the circuit and as mentioned LEDs don't do the job. Easiest way for me is just to get any old light such as tail light or dash light globe in its holder and positive wire, solder an earth wire to the holder and put it in the circuit. Does not matter what size globe. All my vehicles light up under the bonnet or dash depending where I hung it when the ignition is turned on then go off after start.
If you see the vehicle is not charging at some later date, don't panic, it probably is just the exciter globe blown. They call it the Charge Lamp in this drawing.
This is a basic alternator. There are the newer "single wire" ones and on some the terminal markings have different markings but all need these various outputs. When read with drawing above it is simple.